By Herbert Herman
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Availability of high power continuous lasers now allows continuous treatment of entire surfaces to be carried out by traversing as first intro duced by Hiller (1968) using an electron beam (Fig. 6a). Breinan et al. 5 mm at the workpiece. This arrangement 4 2 (Fig. 5 x 10 W / m m . Traversing in the range 25 to 1000 m m / s by setting the disk speed gave incident energy inputs in the range 3 to 120 J / m m and depths melted of —50 to 500 μπι. Breinan et al. A). 1 mm, the onset of vaporization corresponds to an 2 absorbed energy of 2 J / m m at a residence time of 2 ms.
B . l ) . 42 Η. J O N E S 1968). G» this may be written in the form h = a(aG/d0) 6 + βφϋ (ν/ά0)^. , —3 x 3 2 2 10" or 1 x 10~ W / m m ° K for a droplet 100 μπι in diameter traveling at 100 m / s relative to argon or helium gases, respectively, taking values of C PG> G> and TJG from handbook data (Gray, 1972). B). A) by cooling rate measurements for various methods of RQM on chill sur faces reflect a situation of localized good contact separated by regions 2 where contact is absent. 5 μπι thick.
C. The Magnitude of Heat Transfer Coefficients While a small value of z 0 is a minimum condition for a high cooling rate, a second requirement is that h should be as large as possible, especially for N u <^ 1 at which cooling rate is proportional to h/z0 [Eq. (1)]. This condition can apply especially for small droplets both in free flight or in spray deposition. Cooling by radiation is governed by Stefan's law: dQ = εσ(Τ 4 - T\)A0 3 dt ^ εσΤ Α0(Τ - TA) dt (20) when (T - TA) is not small. 8 x 4 2 4 10~ W / m m °K , ε as unity, and Τ as 1000°K.