By Haishan Zeng
Combining a qualified improvement path on diagnostic endoscopy from SPIE (the overseas society advancing light-based examine) and the authors’ graduate direction on biomedical optics, this paintings is written for researchers in scientific optics and biomedical engineering in addition to graduate clinical optics scholars. It makes use of huge examples/case reviews to familiarize readers with the basics of endoscopic optics, the professionals and cons of white gentle endoscopy and fluorescence endoscopy for diagnostic purposes, and diverse microscopic endoscopy imaging modalities. It covers simple optics, information of layout and biomedical makes use of, in addition to microscopic endoscopy, and endoscopic spectroscopy.
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3 BASIC OPTICS IN ENDOSCOPY The basic optics involved in endoscopy includes illumination optics and imaging optics. Optical components used are lens, optical fibers, and prisms. Lenses perform imaging functions or collecting light for illumination. Optical fibers can be used for both illumination light transmission and relaying images. Prisms are for changing the image viewing directions or illumination light direction. 1 Fiber Optics An optical fiber guides light on the basis of a step index structure that causes total internal reflections and directs the coupled light almost without loss from one end to the other.
It involves a wireless capsule endoscope and facilitates for the first time painless endoscopic imaging of the whole small bowel. A wireless capsule endoscope utilizes miniaturized opto-electronic mechanical components for illumination, imaging, power supply, and telemetry. 12 shows the schematics of such a wireless capsule endoscope. It consists of a transparent optical dome (1), an objective lens (2), four or six white light LEDs (light emitting diode) (3), a CMOS (complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) or CCD image sensor (4), silver oxide batteries (5), and an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) (6).