By Ernst Mayr (auth.), Kurt Benirschke (eds.)
Ten years in the past a symposium on Cytotaxonomy 'was held in London (Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. 169:110, 1958) during which a primary try out used to be made to collect numerous disciplines to debate advances of mammalian cytogenetics and to place them into right context with the sciences of evolution and taxonomy. The introductory feedback by means of \V. B. Turrill to that symposium, basically an admonishment to be tolerant of the quick comings of our respective disciplines, will be a appropriate commence ning to this convention as ,,'ell. although, the assembly held at Hanover used to be conceived extra alongside the strains of feedback made by way of R. B. Seymour Se,,'ell in his presidential deal with to an analogous society: "It has been acknowledged that scientists during this look for fact are these days an excessive amount of inquisitive about the buildup of proof, and make too little use in their imagina tion of their makes an attempt to give an explanation for such evidence as they've got accrued. " (In "The continental waft conception and the distribution of the Copepoda," ibid. 166:149, 1956. ) \\Tith this as a historical past, years in the past we held the 1st of a sequence of loosely-structured meetings on reproductive failure within the stress-free surroundings of this small New England collage neighborhood. The manu scripts of that assembly were released (Comparative features of Re effective Failure, Springer-Verlag long island Inc. , 1967).
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Extra resources for Comparative Mammalian Cytogenetics: An International Conference at Dartmouth Medical School Hanover, New Hampshire, July 29—August 2, 1968
Example text
Naturalist 101 :357, 1967. Hutt, F. , C. G. Rickard and R. A. Field: Sex-linked hemophilia in dogs. J. Hered. 39:2, 1948. Kirkman, H. , H. D. , and B. B. Crowell: Different enzymic expressions of mutants of human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. ) 46:938, 1960. Kunkel, H. : Myeloma proteins and antibodies. The Harvey Lectures 59, 1963-1964. Littlefield, J. : The isosinic acid pyrophosphorylase activity of mouse fibroblasts partially resistant to 8-azaguanine. Proc. Nat. Acad.
Cytogenetics 4:209, 1965. Herzenberg, L. , J. D. Minna and L. A. Herzenberg: The chromosome reo gion for immunoglobulin heavy-chains in the mouse. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia for Quant. BioI. 32:181, 1967. Hungerford, D. A. and R. L. Snyder: Somatic chromosomes of a black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis Gray 1821). Amer. Naturalist 101 :357, 1967. Hutt, F. , C. G. Rickard and R. A. Field: Sex-linked hemophilia in dogs. J. Hered. 39:2, 1948. Kirkman, H. , H. D. , and B. B. Crowell: Different enzymic expressions of mutants of human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Man and the horse show markedly different karyotypes, merely because they have followed independent paths of evolution for quite some time. As the extremely conservative nature of structural genes became known, we began to realize that gene duplication rather than allelic mutations of already existing gene loci has been the major force of evolution. 18 Original X-Linkage Group 19 As long as a single gene locus carries out a vital function, natural selection relentlessly imposes restriction on that gene's freedom to mutate_ Only when the genome (haploid set) incorporates two doses of the same gene by duplication is the severe restriction relaxed for a duplicate_ An original continues to carry out the function assigned to that locus; thus, a duplicate is now redundant.