By Marc Dewey (auth.)
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) has turn into a hugely actual diagnostic modality that keeps to draw expanding consciousness. This broadly illustrated ebook goals to help the reader in integrating cardiac CT into day-by-day scientific perform, whereas additionally reviewing its present technical prestige and functions. transparent suggestions is equipped at the functionality and interpretation of imaging utilizing the most recent expertise, which deals higher assurance, higher spatial answer, and quicker imaging whereas additionally supplying useful information regarding cardiac ailments. the explicit gains of scanners from all 4 major owners, together with those who have just recently develop into to be had, are offered. one of the wide variety of purposes and matters mentioned are coronary calcium scoring, coronary artery skip grafts, stents, and anomalies, cardiac valves and serve as, congenital and purchased center illness, and radiation publicity. Upcoming scientific makes use of of cardiac CT, resembling hybrid imaging, guidance and follow-up after valve substitute, electrophysiology functions, myocardial perfusion and fractional stream reserve evaluation, and plaque imaging, also are explored.
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8 Myocardial bridging of a proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) segment (arrows). Threedimensional volume-rendered image (Panel A) and curved multiplanar reformation (Panel B). Note the bridge of myocardial tissue overlying the LAD segment (arrows, Panel B). 10). This is a benign condition that is not associated with ischemia. For details on coronary artery anomalies see Chap. 22. 3 26 Chapter 3 ● Anatomy 3 A B ⊡ Fig. 9 Normal origin of the RCA, arising from the right sinus of Valsalva (Panel A), in an oblique transverse thin-slab maximumintensity projection image.
A meta-analysis suggests that intermediate risk individuals with a low calcium score would have an event rate comparable to those at low risk by conventional risk assessment. The ability to restratify patients has been prospectively demonstrated in two large population studies [Heinz-Nixdorf M. 4% MACE ⊡ Fig. 1 Use of coronary calcium imaging in asymptomatic intermediate-risk individuals. Coronary calcium score can reclassify individuals at intermediate risk of coronary artery disease (10–20 % 10-year risk by Framingham Risk Score, FRS) or cardiac death (5–10 % 10-year by SCORE) into low, intermediate and high risk (major adverse cardiac events per year).
Those who have no more than one risk factor, but may be useful in patients with an intermediate estimated risk of major adverse events (10–20 % Framingham risk score) or cardiovascular mortality (SCORE 5–10 %). A meta-analysis suggests that intermediate risk individuals with a low calcium score would have an event rate comparable to those at low risk by conventional risk assessment. The ability to restratify patients has been prospectively demonstrated in two large population studies [Heinz-Nixdorf M.