By John J. Kresl, Lech Papiez, Harold C. Urschel, R.D. Timmerman, James D. Luketich, E. Thomson
This quantity within the robot Radiosurgery sequence is dedicated to the idea and perform within the rising box of stereotactic radiosurgery for extracranial tumors, quite those who flow as sufferers breathe. exact realization is given to the frameless robot radiosurgery equipment referred to as the CyberKnife. relocating tumors are taken care of with the CyberKnife utilizing a progressive new device, referred to as the Synchrony® breathing monitoring method, which may song relocating tumors in genuine time. particular details is equipped at the expertise and method for supply of excessive doses of radiation to relocating objectives, radiobiological and radiological rules, and the demanding situations confronted by way of clinicians appearing extracranial stereotactic radiosurgery. additionally, there are thorough stories of the overall medical literature on stereotactic radiation therapy of tumors of the lungs, liver, and pancreas, and the newest medical info from clinicians carrying out medical reports utilizing the CyberKnife® robot Radiosurgery process.
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The technical feasibility of this approach has been demonstrated for a multileaf collimator (MLC) [22–24]. However, there are several potential limitations to this approach. The constant motion for real-time tumor tracking causes additional wear-and-tear on the MLC hardware. For intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), the MLC motion required for target tracking superimposes on that required for intensity modulation, increasing the chances of exceeding the physical speed limitations of the MLC.
The individual marker estimates are averaged to provide the final estimate for the target position XT. 15 15 10 10 Internal Target Position (mm) Internal Target Position (mm) The primary use of the correlation model is to estimate the real-time target position from the continuously measured external marker positions. This information is used to move the linear accelerator dynamically with the target (Fig. 2). The details of the process are slightly different depending on the type of correlation model used.
4 Typical external marker motion for a Synchrony patient. The red curves in this plot show the positions of an external optical marker placed on the chest of a patient during eight breathing cycles. The 3D vector positions have been projected onto a plane. The vertical graph direction (y-axis) corresponds to the anterior-posterior direction of the patient. The horizontal direction (x-axis) corresponds to the left-right direction. The black line is the principal axis of motion. Because the external markers move on approximately linear trajectories, the 3D vector position is replaced by a scalar value that is the projection of the position vector on the principal axis.