By P. Fajfar, H. Krawinkler
40 scientists operating in thirteen diversified international locations aspect during this paintings the latest advances in seismic layout and function evaluate of strengthened concrete constructions. it's a worthwhile contribution within the mitigation of typical failures.
Read Online or Download Nonlinear Seismic Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings: Workshop on Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Buildings, Bled, Slovenia, Yugoslavia, 13-16 July 1992 PDF
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Additional info for Nonlinear Seismic Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings: Workshop on Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Buildings, Bled, Slovenia, Yugoslavia, 13-16 July 1992
Example text
The Newmark-Hall method for constructing design spectra [1]). It has been ON ENERGY DEMAND AND SUPPLY IN SDOF SYSTEMS 49 widely recognized, however, that the level of structural damage due to earthquakes does not depend on maximum displacement only and that the cumulative damage resulting from numerous inelastic cycles should also be taken into account. The energy input EI to a structure subjected to strong ground motion is dissipated in part by inelastic deformations (hysteretic energy EH) and, in part, by viscous damping, which represents miscellaneous damping effects other than inelastic deformation (damping energy).
Mean spectra of normalized hysteretic energy, NHE (bilinear, α=10%) study it was found that this type of stiffness degradation has only a small effect on the strength demands for all periods and ductility ratios. The same cannot be said about the effect of stiffness degradation on energy demands, as is evident from Figures 5 and 7. EFFECTS OF HIGHER MODES ON INELASTIC STRENGTH DEMANDS The previous section provided information on seismic demands for inelastic SDOF systems. This information is relevant as baseline data but needs to be modified to become of direct use for design of real structures, which mostly are multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems affected by several modes.
Consequently, damping related to instantaneous stiffness tends to decrease, whereas damping related to mass tends to increase with degrading of stiffness. g. on 52 NONLINEAR SEISMIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS maximum displacements and dissipated hysteretic energy. Unfortunately, in the literature it is usually not clearly stated what type of damping was assumed. It is believed that mass-proportional damping is more often used. According to Otani [12], however, it is not realistic to expect mass-proportional damping in an actual reinforced concrete structure.