By Professor Gabriel L. Negretto
This e-book offers the 1st systematic rationalization of the origins of constitutional designs from an analytical, old, and comparative point of view. in keeping with a accomplished research of constitutional switch in Latin the USA from 1900 to 2008 and 4 unique case stories, Gabriel Negretto exhibits that the most determinants of constitutional selection are the earlier functionality of constitutions in offering powerful and bonafide tools of presidency and the strategic pursuits of the actors who've effect over institutional choice. The e-book explains how governance difficulties form the overall directions for reform, whereas strategic calculations and gear assets impact the choice of particular choices of layout. It additionally emphasizes the significance of the occasions that set off reform and the designers' point of electoral uncertainty for realizing the relative impression of temporary partisan pursuits on structure writing. Negretto's research demanding situations foremost theories of institutional selection, and paves the way in which for the improvement of a brand new study time table on institutional swap.
Read Online or Download Making Constitutions: Presidents, Parties, and Institutional Choice in Latin America PDF
Best caribbean & latin american books
A Companion to Latin American Literature (Monografías A)
A significant other to Latin American Literature bargains a full of life and informative creation to the main major literary works produced in Latin the USA from the 15th century till the current day. It exhibits how the click, and its product the published note, functioned because the universal denominator binding jointly, in several methods through the years, the complicated and variable courting among the author, the reader and the nation.
In 1868 American explorer Charles Francis corridor interviewed numerous Inuit hunters who noted strangers vacationing via their land. corridor instantly jumped to the realization that the hunters have been conversing approximately survivors of the Franklin excursion and trigger for the Melville Peninsula, the positioning of a number of the sightings, to assemble additional tales and facts to help his supposition.
During this comedian novel of political intrigue, Adam Gorozpe, a revered businessman in Mexico, has a existence so excellent that he may perhaps in addition be his namesake within the backyard of Eden--but there are snakes during this Eden too. For something, Adam's spouse Priscila has fallen in love with the brash director of nationwide security--also named Adam--who makes use of violence opposed to token sufferers to conceal the truth that he is letting drug runners, murderers, and kidnappers pass loose.
- Anthropology and Food Policy: Human Dimensions of Food Policy in Africa and Latin America (Southern Anthropological Society Proceedings)
- Narrative Mutations: Discourses of Heredity and Caribbean Literature (Literary Criticism and Cultural Theory)
- Insecurity and Welfare Regimes in Asia, Africa and Latin America: Social Policy in Development Contexts
- Hope and Frustration: Interviews With Leaders of Mexico's Political Opposition (Latin American Silhouettes)
- Free Pages and Hard Times: Anarchist Musings (Library of Latin America)
Additional info for Making Constitutions: Presidents, Parties, and Institutional Choice in Latin America
Sample text
Shifting constitutional designs in latin america The content of new constitutions and important amendments enacted in Latin America since 1900 reveals substantial cross-national variation in design. Variation is even greater if one considers institutional reforms implemented at the level of ordinary laws that also affect the performance of the constitutional regime. Within this diversity, however, several trends are discernible in the general orientation of reforms. 12 To be sure, these rules are not the only features of constitutional design relevant to understanding the workings of a representative democracy.
1, there have been 140 amendments to constitutions in force in Latin American countries between 1978 and 2008, at an average of almost 8 per country. A total of 34 of those amendments altered central aspects of the system to elect presidents and legislators, the distribution of powers between presidents and assemblies, or both (Negretto 2009b, 2009c). In addition, at least 11 amendments introduced significant changes to the independence and powers of constitutional courts (Rios-Figueroa 2011). This does not include the sizeable number of amendments that altered the regulation of civil and political rights or the organization and powers of oversight institutions.
Most countries in Latin America have adopted d’Hondt and Hare PR formulas. The former belongs to the highest average methods and consists in dividing the votes of each party successively by 1, 2, 3,. , n and then allocating seats to the highest quotients. The use of different divisors is possible and the d’Hondt formula is one of the most beneficial for larger parties. The Hare formula belongs to the largest remainder methods, whereby an electoral quota is used to allocate seats. Different quotas are possible and the Hare quota is obtained by dividing the total number of votes by the seats to be filled in the electoral district.