By Terry Des Jardins
Now in its sixth version, the best-selling textual content, CARDIOPULMONARY ANATOMY & body structure, equips scholars with a rock-solid starting place in anatomy and body structure to aid arrange them for careers as breathing therapists. tremendous reader pleasant, this confirmed, cutting edge textual content grants the main entire and exact information regarding the constitution and serve as of the breathing procedure in an approachable demeanour. transparent and concise, it offers advanced innovations in an easy-to-read, comprehensible layout using an entire colour layout and robust pedagogy, in order that scholars can with ease practice what they study once they graduate and begin their expert careers. Newly built-in in the course of the textual content, scientific Connections offer direct hyperlinks among bankruptcy ideas and real-world purposes within the medical surroundings. New and redrawn complete colour illustrations give you the point of aspect essential to facilitate figuring out of middle strategies.
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Sample text
Contraction of the thyroarytenoid muscles pulls the arytenoid cartilages forward. This action loosens the vocal ligaments and allows a lower frequency of phonation (Figure 1–14D). Cricothyroid Muscles. These muscles, which are located on the anterior surface of the larynx, can swing the entire thyroid cartilage anteriorly. This action provides an additional way to tense the vocal folds and thereby change the frequency of phonation (Figure 1–14E). 22 SECTION ONE THE CARDIOPULMONARY SYSTEM—THE ESSENTIALS Ventilatory Function of the Larynx A primary function of the larynx is to ensure a free flow of air to and from the lungs.
The vessels follow the bronchial airways, pulmonary arteries, and veins to the hilum of the lung (Figure 1–30). Single-leaf, funnel-shaped valves Smooth muscle One-way valve Lymphatic vessel Pulmonary vein Pulmonary artery Tracheobronchial tree Lymphatic vessel Alveolar air space Figure 1–30. Lymphatic vessels of the bronchial airways, pulmonary arteries, and veins. 42 SECTION ONE THE CARDIOPULMONARY SYSTEM—THE ESSENTIALS are found in the lymphatic channels. These one-way valves direct fluid toward the hilum.
CHAPTER ONE THE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Sol layer 25 Surface goblet cells Gel layer Cilia Mucous blanket Basal cell Epithelium Basement membrane Smooth muscle Lamina propria Submucosal gland Cartilaginous layer Parasympathetic nerve Figure 1–17. Epithelial lining of the tracheobronchial tree. The viscosity of the mucous blanket progressively increases from the epithelial lining to the inner luminal surface. The blanket has two distinct layers: (1) the sol layer, which is adjacent to the epithelial lining, and (2) the gel layer, which is the more viscous layer adjacent to the inner luminal surface.