By Ronald M. Lanner
An enticing examine the heritage of the piñon pine and its environment. Combining traditional historical past and observations of the cultural significance of the tree to either local Indians and ecu settlers, Lanner offers details at the administration of the tree and its interdependence with the birds and animals of the piñon-juniper wooded area. technology, cultural heritage, and ecologicall concerns, plus scrumptious recipes utilizing the piñon pine nuts, make for a concise normal and cultural heritage of the piñon pine.
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Extra resources for The Pinon Pine: A Natural and Cultural History
Sample text
Dwarf mistletoes, green flowering plants that do their own photosynthesizing, thrust their rootlike sinkers into sapwood, tapping the tree's supply of water and mineral nutrients and diverting a disproportionate share of its carbohydrate into the grotesque witches' brooms of infected limbs. The piñon dwarf mistle Page 38 toe is probably the single most serious pest of the piñon pines. Here it attacks the phloem tissue, eventually girdling and killing the tree, leaving swollen trunks with bleeding pitch as evidence of its depredation.
Great numbers of trees were damaged, and many were killed. When, in a couple of weeks, the pollen sacs split open and discharge their pollen clouds into the wind, the Xyela larvae drop to the ground and burrow into the soil, where they will pupate. Luckily for Xyela, the immature piñon pollen cones are emerging from their scales at this very time. Houseweart of Colorado State University have investigated life histories of several gallforming midges, including the piñon spindle gall midge, fittingly named Pinyonia edulicola.
The next day they found sixtyone dens in the area. Thus, the midden becomes an accidental archive of the flora and fauna of its neighborhood; the wood rat, the unwitting curator of its own herbarium and zoological museum. Such middens, replete with plant and animal fragments collected in past ages, are rich sources of macrofossil material. The advent of carbon dating has filled that gap. The rare fossil middens can only be identified by finding "extralocals"—the remains of plants or animals no longer present nearby.