By Solomon Gandz
(Indexes of Hebrew, Arabic and Greek phrases are missing. A extra whole model will be welcome.
Read or Download The Mishnat ha middot, the first Hebrew geometry of about 150 C.E., and the Geometry of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khowarizmi PDF
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Extra info for The Mishnat ha middot, the first Hebrew geometry of about 150 C.E., and the Geometry of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khowarizmi
Sample text
The rules for sphere and hemisphere (11, 8 ; V, 1- 2) 9). 6. G reek I nfluence. The fact that al-Khowarizmi, when confronted with the task of writing a geometry, chose such a primitive treatise as the M ishnat h a-M id d ot as his model, is very significant. It gives a decisive answer to the old, mooted question as to whether or not al-Khowarizmi was influenced by Greek mathematics10). As far as his geometry is coni cerned there is not the slightest indication or trace of any Greek inן fluence.
18b, marginal gloss at the bottom. 7) Cf. about it S m ith in The A m erican M a th e m a tic a l M onthly, vol. 32. 1925, p. 395. u1 iuu’uau M iddot. On the one side it tries to improve upon the old Hebrew geometry by adding a few rules and demonstrations8), and on the other side it omits a few passages, either because they have a specific Jewish character, as f. i. the references to the Bible (in I, 1-5, V, 4), or because they are unclear, as f. i. the rules for sphere and hemisphere (11, 8 ; V, 1- 2) 9).
All his life was devoted to the work on Arabic translations 1 from the Greek15). Already under Harun al-Rashid (786-809) al-Hajjaj had brought out an Arabic translation of Euclid’s Elements. When al-Ma’mun became Caliph, al-Hajjaj tried to gain his favor by preparing a second improved edition of his Euclid translation16). Later on (829-30) he translated the Almagest. Now al-Khowarizmi never mentions this colleague of his and never refers to his work. Euclid and his geometry, though available in a good Arabic translation of his colleague, is entirely ignored by him when he"writes on geometry.