The Energetics of Mangrove Forests by Daniel Alongi

By Daniel Alongi

Regardless of their significance in maintaining livelihoods for lots of humans residing alongside a number of the global s such a lot populous coastlines, tropical mangrove forests are disappearing at an alarming price. Occupying an important position among land and sea, those tidal ecosystems offer a priceless ecological and monetary source as very important nursery grounds and breeding websites for lots of organisms, and as a renewable resource of wooden and standard meals and drugs. probably most significantly, they're accumulation websites for sediment, contaminants, carbon and foodstuff, and supply major safeguard opposed to coastal erosion. This ebook offers a useful review of mangrove wooded area ecosystems; how they reside and develop on the fringe of tropical seas, how they play a serious function alongside many of the global s tropical coasts, and the way their destiny could glance in an international plagued by weather switch. any such process-oriented technique is critical on the way to extra comprehend the function of those dynamic forests in surroundings functionality, and as a primary step in the direction of constructing sufficient techniques for his or her conservation and sustainable use and administration. The ebook will supply a precious source for researchers in mangrove ecology in addition to reference for source managers.

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Passioura et al. (1992) calculated a limiting rate of 1 mm day−1 which is in the range of field data suggesting an evaporation rate of 2 mm day−1. Since well-developed canopies can transpire at the rate of up to 7 mm day−1, it is clear why mangroves have developed mechanisms to minimize water loss and salt gain. 96 mmol m−2 s−1 (Saenger 2002). Compared with other C3 plants, mangroves have low transpiration rates and stomatal conductances, but high water-use efficiencies (Ball 1988; Lovelock and Ball 2002).

2008). At the canopy level, some estimates exist of the balance between net assimilation and respiration. The early data from Florida mangroves (summarized in Odum 32 2 Trees and Canopies et al. 9%. In Malaysian forests, Alongi et al. (2004a) estimated that tree respiration equates to 41% of gross primary productivity. Canopy photosynthesis and respiration have rarely been measured simultaneously (Clough 1992). On Okinawa, Suwa et al. (2006) made extensive measurements of gross photosynthesis and respiration throughout the canopy of a Kandelia candel forest.

Regressing mean growth rates of mostly Rhizophora apiculata trees in variously aged plantation stands throughout southeast Asia, Saenger (2002) found a more complex relationship with age, with peak growth at about 15 years, declining thereafter. 101, where y = mean annual increment (t ha−1 year−1) and x = stand age (year). 8 cm year−1 (at diameter-at-breast height). The estimates of net canopy production made using the modified light attenuation method may include below-ground production (this is unclear at present) but there is no thorough perception as to how carbon is allocated within a mangrove tree.

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