Latin American Economic Crises: Trade and Labour by Enrique Bour, Daniel Heymann, Fernando Navajas (eds.)

By Enrique Bour, Daniel Heymann, Fernando Navajas (eds.)

This quantity examines problems with monetary curiosity confronted through Latin the US economies within the overdue Twentieth-century. The fifteen chapters take care of macroeconomic difficulties, monetary crises, the advance of alternate and alternate agreements and labour concerns. Of specific curiosity are the chapters facing Argentina, which offer an soaking up historical past to the monetary predicament confronted today.

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Chile pursued a cautious policy of an ex ante character compared to Malaysia, by preventing already-invested capital from being repatriated Laban and Larrain (1994). By holding down the PP curve, the balance-ofpayments deficit and international indebtedness were kept under control. Malaysia tried to prevent the PP curve from shifting downwards, but uncertainty meant that the curve would inevitably shift downwards. The Chilean policy meant that the tax burden was known to investors, while the Malaysian policy encouraged surprise attacks.

0 per cent of GDP in 1999, which was planned to increase in 2000 and 2001. In parallel, a new well-qualified team was brought in to run the Central Bank, and the foreign commercial banks renewed their short-term credit lines. This set of actions allowed Brazil to stabilize its financial markets, halt the loss of reserves and start to reduce short-term interest rates. It is important to recognize that before the currency crisis Brazil had started restoring macroeconomic stability and initiating important structural reforms.

In effect, by using their ample foreign reserves the monetary base was broadened while deposits continued to be backed by reserves. The credibility of the currency-board system was strengthened, greater flexibility in monetary policy was encouraged, and the check to interest rate movements moderately successfully curbed (Yam, 1998; Kwan, Lui and Cheng, 1999). 6. Argentina A brief mention must be made of Argentina. The 1994 Mexican crisis created speculative waves against the Argentinian peso, depleting reserves by about 40 per cent between December 1994 and March 1995.

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