By Georges Canguilhem
Because the paintings of thinkers corresponding to Michel Foucault, François Jacob, Louis Althusser, and Pierre Bourdieu demonstrates, Georges Canguilhem has exerted large impression at the philosophy of technological know-how and French philosophy extra typically. In wisdom of lifestyles, a ebook that spans two decades of his essays and lectures, Canguilhem deals a sequence of epistemological histories that search to set up and make clear the stakes, Read more...
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Sample text
The fragility of one does not deprive it of a dignity that the other gains by its stability. The illusion could have been a truth. The truth will perhaps reveal itself one day to be illusion. In France, in parallel with the extinction of eclectic spiritualism’s last adherents at the end of the nineteenth century, thinkers such as Emile Boutroux, Henri Poincare´, Henri Bergson, and the founders of the Revue de me´taphysique et de morale undertook, with good reason, to bring philosophy and the sciences closer together.
Only in a homogeneous order can the complex be said to be complex—by comparison to the simple. Yet when Bernard affirms that life ‘‘creates the conditions specific to an organic milieu that isolates itself more and more from the cosmic milieu,’’ that the quid proprium of biological science consists in ‘‘particular, evolutionary, physiological conditions,’’ and that, as a result, ‘‘to analyze the phenomena of life it is necessary to penetrate living organisms with the help of procedures of vivisection,’’38 doesn’t he admit that the specificity of the biological object imposes a method entirely different from those of physics and chemistry?
Must one oneself be capable of contributing to the progress of a scientific question in order to be able to retrace it historically, down to the first clumsy attempts of those who first formulated it? Or is it enough for the historian of science to bring out the historical, as in outmoded, character of 25 ................. 17186$ $CH2 11-13-08 15:06:29 PS PAGE 25 26 History such and such a work, of such and such a conception in order to reveal the obsolete nature of a notion despite the persistence of a term?