By Wally Welker (auth.), Edward G. Jones, Alan Peters (eds.)
The cerebral cortex, specially that half ordinarily distinct "neocortex," is likely one of the hallmarks of mammalian evolution and reaches its maximum dimension, fairly talking, and its widest structural range within the human mind. The evolution of this constitution, as awesome for the massive numbers of neurons that it comprises as for the diversity of behaviors that it controls, has been of abiding curiosity to many generations of neuroscientists. but few theories of cortical evo lution were proposed and none has stood the try out of time. specifically, no concept has been profitable in bridging the evolutionary hole that looks to exist among the pallium of non mammalian vertebrates and the neocortex of mam mals. absolutely this stems largely from the swift divergence of non mammalian and mammalian kinds and the shortcoming of latest species whose telencephalic wall might be obvious as having transitional features. The mono treme cortex, for instance, is definitely mammalian in association and that of no residing reptile comes with reference to akin to it. but anatomists akin to Ramon y Cajal, on reading the finer info of cortical constitution, have been struck via the similarities in neuronal shape, fairly of the pyramidal cells, and their predisposition to laminar alignment shared by way of representatives of all vertebrate classes.
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Additional resources for Cerebral Cortex: Comparative Structure and Evolution of Cerebral Cortex, Part II
Sample text
Pattern of myelinated fibers in layer VI and part of layer V of gyral crown (top), sulcal wall (middle), and fundus (bottom) of human cerebral cortex. Cortical surface is at the top of each photomicrograph. Most fiber bundles are oriented vertically in gyral crowns, whereas they are multidirectional and scattered in the sulcal wall, and predominantly horizontal in the fundus. Weigert-PalKultschilzki staining procedure. (Reproduced with permission from Bok, 1959, Fig.
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A central blood vessel is typical in this type of simple malformation. Horizontal section 881 is stained with hematoxylin and 882 with thionin. 42 CHAPTER 10 Studies of experimental teratology have produced a variety of developmental neuropathologies, many involving cerebral cortex (Kalter, 1968). Ionizing radiation and genetic manipulation have also been successfully used to induce cerebral malformations. Animal models of various human neuropathologies have been induced by many of the causative agents mentioned above.