Acquired Neuromuscular Disorders: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis by Corrado Angelini

By Corrado Angelini

This e-book offers cutting-edge details at the pathogenesis, prognosis, and therapy of a number inflammatory, autoimmune, and idiopathic neuromuscular problems. the outlet part discusses the differential analysis of bought myopathies in accordance with medical, electrophysiological, muscle biopsy, and serological standards, with targeted specialise in the position of electromyography and antibody trying out. all the appropriate medical entities is then mentioned intimately, the assurance together with, for instance, myasthenia gravis, polymyositis, immune-mediated neuropathies, multifocal motor neuropathies, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, paraneoplastic neuropathies, and diabetic polyneuropathy. transparent counsel is equipped on presently to be had remedies, with descriptions of the newest advances in physiotherapy, drug remedy, and breathing care. different beneficial properties of this clinically orientated e-book are the inclusion of many illustrative case shows and contributions by means of foreign authors from best centers.

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Extra info for Acquired Neuromuscular Disorders: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment

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1 Autoantibodies in Neuromuscular Disorders 19 47. Braun PE, Frail DE, Latov N (1982) Myelin-associated glycoprotein is the antigen for a monoclonal IgM in polyneuropathy. J Neurochem 39:1261–1265 48. Yuki N (2001) Infectious origins of, and molecular mimicry in, Guillain-Barré and Fisher syndromes. Lancet Infect Dis 1:29–37 49. Van Doorn PA, Ruts L, Jacobs BC (2008) Clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet Neurol 7:939–950 50. Cats EA, van der Pol WL, Tio-Gillen AP et al (2014) Clonality of anti-GM1 IgM antibodies in multifocal motor neuropathy and the Guillain-Barré syndrome.

However, the exact correlates at the tissue level are still poorly understood. Moreover, increased T2 times have been documented also in the healthy muscle after exercise due to a number of proposed mechanisms including water shift from intra- to extracellular space and increase in vascular fluid volumes and/or in the proportion of “free” water to macromolecular “bound” water. It has also been described in cases of abnormal cellular infiltrate (lymphoma, bacterial myositis), rhabdomyolysis (sportrelated injuries, trauma, diabetic infarction, metabolic myopathies stress-exercise related, drug and alcohol abuse), and subacute or chronic denervation [10, 11].

In polymyositis, the EMG sampling of several muscles is also very useful for the choice of the muscle to be biopsied, since sometimes the biopsy can miss the morphological abnormalities. The sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is likely a degenerative disorder rather than an inflammatory muscle disease; however, it is traditionally included in the inflammatory myopathy chapter. The electrodiagnostic findings are similar to those in DM and PM, but the incidence of the irritative aspects and the presence of a double population of MUPs, with myopathic and neurogenic aspects, is higher in IBM than in PM and DM [25, 26].

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